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Frank da Cruz
The Kermit Project - Columbia University
New York City
fdc@columbia.edu
/Last update:/ Mon May 7 14:01:41 2012
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ PEACE ] [ Poetry
] [ I Can Eat
Glass ] [ Pangrams
] [ HTML
Features ]
[ Credits, Tools, Commentary
]
UTF-8 is an ASCII-preserving encoding method for Unicode
(ISO 10646), the Universal
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As shown HERE , Columbia
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This, however, is a Web page, which started out as a kind of stress test
for UTF-8 support in Web browsers, which was spotty when this page was
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problem now is mainly the fonts and the browser's (or font's) support
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Unicode fonts for Windows.
The subtitle above shows currency symbols of many lands. If they don't
appear as blobs, we're off to a good start! (The one on the end is the
new Indian Rupee sign
which won't show up in fonts for a while.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Poetry
From the Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem
(Rune version):
ᚠᛇᚻ᛫ᛒᛦᚦ᛫ᚠᚱᚩᚠᚢᚱ᛫ᚠᛁᚱᚪ᛫ᚷ-ᚻᚹᛦᛚᚳᚢᛗ
ᛋᚳ-ᚪᛚ᛫ᚦ-ᚪᚻ᛫ᛗᚪᚾᚾᚪ᛫ᚷ-ᚻᚹᛦᛚᚳ᛫ᛗᛁᚳᛚᚢᚾ᛫ᚻᛦᛏ᛫ᛞᚫᛚᚪᚾ
ᚷᛁᚠ᛫ᚻ-᛫ᚹᛁᛚ-᛫ᚠᚩᚱ᛫ᛞᚱᛁᚻᛏᚾ-᛫ᛞᚩᛗ-ᛋ᛫ᚻᛚᛇᛏᚪᚾ᛬
From Laȝamon's/Brut / (/The
Chronicles of England/, Middle English, West Midlands):
An preost wes on leoden, Laȝamon was ihoten
He wes Leovenaðes sone -- liðe him be Drihten.
He wonede at Ernleȝe at æðelen are chirechen,
Uppen Sevarne staþe, sel þar him þuhte,
Onfest Radestone, þer he bock radde.
(The third letter in the author's name is Yogh, missing from many fonts;
CLICK HERE for another
Middle English sample with some explanation of letters and encoding).
From the Tagelied of *Wolfram von Eschenbach*
(Middle High German):
Sîne klâwen durh die wolken sint geslagen,
er stîget ûf mit grôzer kraft,
ich sih in grâwen tägelîch als er wil tagen,
den tac, der im geselleschaft
erwenden wil, dem werden man,
den ich mit sorgen în verliez.
ich bringe in hinnen, ob ich kan.
sîn vil manegiu tugent michz leisten hiez.
Some lines of *Odysseus Elytis*
(Greek):
Monotonic:
Τη γλώσσα μου έδωσαν ελληνική
το σπίτι φτωχικό στις αμμουδιές του Ομήρου.
Μονάχη έγνοια η γλώσσα μου στις αμμουδιές του Ομήρου.
από το Άξιον Εστί
του Οδυσσέα Ελύτη
Polytonic:
Τὴ γλῶσσα μοῦ ἔδωσαν ἑλληνικὴ
τὸ σπίτι φτωχικὸ στὶς ἀμμουδιὲς τοῦ Ὁμήρου.
Μονάχη ἔγνοια ἡ γλῶσσα μου στὶς ἀμμουδιὲς τοῦ Ὁμήρου.
ἀπὸ τὸ Ἄξιον ἐστί
τοῦ Ὀδυσσέα Ἐλύτη
The first stanza of *Pushkin*
's
Bronze Horseman (Russian):
На берегу пустынных волн
Стоял он, дум великих полн,
И вдаль глядел. Пред ним широко
Река неслася; бедный чёлн
По ней стремился одиноко.
По мшистым, топким берегам
Чернели избы здесь и там,
Приют убогого чухонца;
И лес, неведомый лучам
В тумане спрятанного солнца,
Кругом шумел.
*Šota Rustaveli*
's Veṗxis
Ṭq̇aosani, ̣︡Th, The Knight in the Tiger's Skin (Georgian):
ვეპხის ტყაოსანი შოთა რუსთაველი
ღმერთსი შემვედრე, ნუთუ კვლა დამხსნას სოფლისა
რომასა, ცეცხლს, წყალსა
და მიწასა, ჰაერთა თანა მრომასა; მომცნეს ფრთენი
და აღვფრინდე,
მივჰხვდე მას ჩემსა ნდომასა, დღისით და ღამით ვჰ
ედვიდე მ-ისა ელვათა
კრთომაასა.
Tamil poetry of Subramaniya Bharathiyar: சுப்ரமணிய பாரதியார் (1882-1921):
யாமறிந்த மொழிகளிலே தமிழ்மொழி போல் இனிதாவது எ
்கும் காணோம்,
பாமரராய் விலங்குகளாய், உலகனைத்தும் இகழ்ச்சி
ொலப் பான்மை கெட்டு,
நாமமது தமிழரெனக் கொண்டு இங்கு வாழ்ந்திடுதல்
ன்றோ? சொல்லீர்!
தேமதுரத் தமிழோசை உலகமெலாம் பரவும்வகை செய்தல
வேண்டும்.
Kannada poetry by Kuvempu — ಬಾ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಭವಿಸು
ಬಾ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಭವಿಸು ಇಂದೆನ್ನ ಹೃದಯದಲಿ
ನಿತ್ಯವೂ ಅವತರಿಪ ಸತ್ಯಾವತಾರ
ಮಣ್ಣಾಗಿ ಮರವಾಗಿ ಮಿಗವಾಗಿ ಕಗವಾಗೀ...
ಮಣ್ಣಾಗಿ ಮರವಾಗಿ ಮಿಗವಾಗಿ ಕಗವಾಗಿ
ಭವ ಭವದಿ ಭತಿಸಿಹೇ ಭವತಿ ದೂರ
ನಿತ್ಯವೂ ಅವತರಿಪ ಸತ್ಯಾವತಾರ || ಬಾ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ||
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I Can Eat Glass
And from the sublime to the ridiculous, here is a certain phrase¹
in an assortment of
languages:
1. *Sanskrit*: काचं शक्नोम्यत्तुम् । नोपहिनस्ति माम् ॥
2. *Sanskrit* /(standard transcription):/ kAecaṃ śaknomyattum;
nopahinasti mAem.
3. *Classical Greek*: ὕαλον ϕαγε-ν δύναμαι· τοῦτο οὔ με βλάπτει.
4. *Greek* (monotonic): Μπορώ να φάω σπασμένα γυαλιά χωρίς να πάθω τίποτα.
5. *Greek* (polytonic): Μπορῶ νὰ φάω σπασμένα γυαλιὰ χωρὶς νὰ πάθω τίποτα.
*Etruscan*: (NEEDED)
6. *Latin*: Vitrum edere possum; mihi non nocet.
7. *Old French*: Je puis mangier del voirre. Ne me nuit.
8. *French*: Je peux manger du verre, ça ne me fait pas mal.
9. *Provençal / Occitan*: Pòdi manjar de veire, me nafrariá pas.
10. *Québécois*: J'peux manger d'la vitre, ça m'fa pas mal.
11. *Walloon*: Dji pou magnî do vêre, çoula m' freut nén må.
*Champenois*: (NEEDED)
*Lorrain*: (NEEDED)
12. *Picard*: Ch'peux mingi du verre, cha m'foé mie n'ma.
*Corsican/Corsu*: (NEEDED)
*Jèrriais*: (NEEDED)
13. *Kreyòl Ayisyen* (Haitï): Mwen kap manje vè, li pa blese'm.
14. *Basque*: Kristala jan dezaket, ez dit minik ematen.
15. *Catalan / Català*: Puc menjar vidre, que no em fa mal.
16. *Spanish*: Puedo comer vidrio, no me hace daño.
17. *Aragonés*: Puedo minchar beire, no me'n fa mal .
*Aranés*: (NEEDED)
*Mallorquín*: (NEEDED)
18. *Galician*: Eu podo xantar cristais e non cortarme.
19. *European Portuguese*: Posso comer vidro, não me faz mal.
20. *Brazilian Portuguese* (8
): Posso comer
vidro, não me machuca.
21. *Caboverdiano/Kabuverdianu* (Cape Verde): M' podê cumê vidru, ca ta
maguâ-m'.
22. *Papiamentu*: Ami por kome glas anto e no ta hasimi daño.
23. *Italian*: Posso mangiare il vetro e non mi fa male.
24. *Milanese*: Sôn bôn de magnà el véder, el me fa minga mal.
25. *Roman*: Me posso magna' er vetro, e nun me fa male.
26. *Napoletano*: M' pozz magna' o'vetr, e nun m' fa mal.
27. *Venetian*: Mi posso magnare el vetro, no'l me fa mae.
28. *Zeneise* /(Genovese):/ Pòsso mangiâ o veddro e o no me fà mâ.
29. *Sicilian*: Puotsu mangiari u vitru, nun mi fa mali.
*Campinadese* (Sardinia): (NEEDED)
*Lugudorese* (Sardinia): (NEEDED)
30. *Romansch (Grischun)*: Jau sai mangiar vaider, senza che quai fa
donn a mai.
*Romany / Tsigane*: (NEEDED)
31. *Romanian*: Pot sAe mAenânc sticlAe și ea nu mAe rAenește.
32. *Esperanto*: Mi povas manAei vitron, Aei ne damaAeas min.
*Pictish*: (NEEDED)
*Breton*: (NEEDED)
33. *Cornish*: Mý a yl dybry gwéder hag éf ny wra ow ankenya.
34. *Welsh*: Dw i'n gallu bwyta gwydr, 'dyw e ddim yn gwneud dolur i mi.
35. *Manx Gaelic*: Foddym gee glonney agh cha jean eh gortaghey mee.
36. *Old Irish* /(Ogham):/ ᚛᚛ᚉᚑᚅᚔᚉᚉᚔᚋ ᚔᚈᚔ ᚍᚂᚐᚅᚑ ᚅᚔᚋᚌᚓᚅᚐ᚜
37. *Old Irish* /(Latin):/ Con·iccim ithi nglano. Ním·géna.
38. *Irish*: Is féidir liom gloinne a ithe. Ní dhéanann sí dochar ar
bith dom.
39. *Ulster Gaelic*: Ithim-sa gloine agus ní miste damh é.
40. *Scottish Gaelic*: S urrainn dhomh gloinne ithe; cha ghoirtich i mi.
41. *Anglo-Saxon* /(Runes):/ ᛁᚳ᛫ᛗᚨᚷ᛫ᚷᛚᚨᛋ᛫-ᚩᛏᚪᚾ᛫ᚩᚾᛞ᛫ᚻᛁᛏ᛫ᚾ-᛫ᚻ-ᚪ
ᛗᛁᚪᚧ᛫ᛗ-᛬
42. *Anglo-Saxon* /(Latin):/ Ic mæg glæs eotan ond hit ne hearmiað me.
43. *Middle English*: Ich canne glas eten and hit hirtiþ me nouȝt.
44. *English*: I can eat glass and it doesn't hurt me.
45. *English* /(IPA):/ [aɪ kæn iːt glɑːs ænd ɪt dɐz nɒt hɜːt miː]
(Received Pronunciation)
46. *English* /(Braille):/ ⠊⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠑⠁⠞⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠝⠞⠀⠓⠥⠗
⠀⠍⠑
47. *Jamaican*: Mi kian niam glas han i neba hot mi.
48. *Lalland Scots / Doric*: Ah can eat gless, it disnae hurt us.
*Glaswegian*: (NEEDED)
49. *Gothic* (4 ):
𐌼𐌰𐌲 𐌲𐌻𐌴𐍃 𐌹̈𐍄𐌰𐌽, 𐌽𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌿 𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌹
.
50. *Old Norse* /(Runes):/ -ᚴ ᚷ-ᛏ -ᛏᛁ ᚧ ᚷᛚ-ᚱ ᛘᚾ ᚦ-ᛋᛋ ᚨᚧ ᚡ- ᚱᚧᚨ ᛋᚨᚱ
51. *Old Norse* /(Latin):/ Ek get etið gler án þess að verða sár.
52. *Norsk / Norwegian (Nynorsk):* Eg kan eta glas utan å skada meg.
53. *Norsk / Norwegian (Bokmål):* Jeg kan spise glass uten å skade meg.
54. *Føroyskt / Faroese*: Eg kann eta glas, skaðaleysur.
55. *Íslenska / Icelandic*: Ég get etið gler án þess að meiða mig.
56. *Svenska / Swedish*: Jag kan äta glas utan att skada mig.
57. *Dansk / Danish*: Jeg kan spise glas, det gør ikke ondt på mig.
58. *Sønderjysk*: Æ ka æe glass uhen at det go mæ naue.
59. *Frysk / Frisian*: Ik kin glês ite, it docht me net sear.
60. *Nederlands / Dutch*: Ik kan glas eten, het doet mAe geen kwaad.
61. *Kirchröadsj/Bôchesserplat*: Iech ken glaas èèse, mer 't deet miech
jing pieng.
62. *Afrikaans*: Ek kan glas eet, maar dit doen my nie skade nie.
63. *Lëtzebuergescht / Luxemburgish*: Ech kan Glas iessen, daat deet mir
nët wei.
64. *Deutsch / German*: Ich kann Glas essen, ohne mir zu schaden.
65. *Ruhrdeutsch*: Ich kann Glas verkasematuckeln, ohne dattet mich wat
jucken tut.
66. *Langenfelder Platt*: Isch kann Jlaas kimmeln, uuhne datt mich datt
weh dääd.
67. *Lausitzer Mundart* ("Lusatian"): Ich koann Gloos assn und doas dudd
merr ni wii.
68. *Odenwälderisch*: Iech konn glaasch voschbachteln ohne dass es mir
ebbs daun doun dud.
69. *Sächsisch / Saxon*: 'sch kann Glos essn, ohne dass'sch mer wehtue.
70. *Pfälzisch*: Isch konn Glass fresse ohne dasses mer ebbes ausmache dud.
71. *Schwäbisch / Swabian*: I kå Glas frässa, ond des macht mr nix!
72. *Deutsch (Voralberg)*: I ka glas eassa, ohne dass mar weh tuat.
73. *Bayrisch / Bavarian*: I koh Glos esa, und es duard ma ned wei.
74. *Allemannisch*: I kaun Gloos essen, es tuat ma ned weh.
75. *Schwyzerdütsch* (Zürich): Ich chan Glaas ässe, das schadt mir nöd.
76. *Schwyzerdütsch* (Luzern): Ech cha Glâs ässe, das schadt mer ned.
*Plautdietsch*: (NEEDED)
77. *Hungarian*: Meg tudom enni az üveget, nem lesz tőle bajom.
78. *Suomi / Finnish*: Voin syödä lasia, se ei vahingoita minua.
79. *Sami (Northern)*: Sáhtán borrat lása, dat ii leat bávAeAeas.
80. *Erzian*: Мон ярсан суликадо, ды зыян эйстэнзэ а ули.
81. *Northern Karelian*: Mie voin syvvä lasie ta minla ei ole kipie.
82. *Southern Karelian*: Minä voin syvvä st'oklua dai minule ei ole kibie.
*Vepsian*: (NEEDED)
*Votian*: (NEEDED)
*Livonian*: (NEEDED)
83. *Estonian*: Ma võin klaasi süüa, see ei tee mulle midagi.
84. *Latvian*: Es varu Aest stiklu, tas man nekaitAe.
85. *Lithuanian*: Aš galiu valgyti stiklAe ir jis manAes nežeidžia
*Old Prussian*: (NEEDED)
*Sorbian* (Wendish): (NEEDED)
86. *Czech*: Mohu jíst sklo, neublíží mi.
87. *Slovak*: Môžem jesť sklo. Nezraní ma.
88. *Polska / Polish*: MogAe jeśAe szkło i mi nie szkodzi.
89. *Slovenian:* Lahko jem steklo, ne da bi mi škodovalo.
90. *Croatian*: Ja mogu jesti staklo i ne boli me.
91. *Serbian* /(Latin):/ Ja mogu da jedem staklo.
92. *Serbian* /(Cyrillic)/: Ја могу да једем стакло.
93. *Macedonian:* Можам да јадам стакло, а не ме штета.
94. *Russian*: Я могу есть стекло, оно мне не вредит.
95. *Belarusian* /(Cyrillic):/ Я магу есц- шкло, яно мне не шкодз-ць.
96. *Belarusian* /(Lacinka):/ Ja mahu jeści škło, jano mne ne škodziAe.
97. *Ukrainian*: Я можу їсти скло, - воно мен- не зашкодить.
98. *Bulgarian*: Мога да ям стъкло, то не ми вреди.
99. *Georgian*: მინას ვჭამ და არა მტკივა.
100. *Armenian*: ԿOeնամ ապակի ոOeտել Oe ինծի անհանգիստ չընեOeOe
101. *Albanian*: Unë mund të ha qelq dhe nuk më gjen gjë.
102. *Turkish*: Cam yiyebilirim, bana zararAe dokunmaz.
103. *Turkish* /(Ottoman):/ جام ييه بلورم بڭا ضررى طوقونمز
104. *Bangla / Bengali*: আমি কাঁচ -েতে পারি, তাতে আমার কোনো ক্ষত
হয় না।
105. *Marathi*: मी काच -ाऊ शकतो, मला ते दु-त नाही.
106. *Kannada*: ನನಗೆ ಹಾನಿ ಆಗದೆ, ನಾನು ಗಜನ್ನು ತಿನಬಹುದು
107. *Hindi*: मैं काँच -ा सकता हूँ और मुझे उससे कोई चोट नह
ं पहुंचती.
108. *Tamil*: நான் கண்ணாடி சாப்பிடுவேன், அதனால் எனக்கு
ரு கேடும் வராது.
109. *Telugu*: నేను గాజు తినగలను మరియు అలా చేసినా నాకు ఏమ
ి ఇబ్బంది లేదు
110. *Sinhalese*: මට වීදුරු කෑමට හැකියි. එයින් මට කිසි හානි
ක් සිදු නොවේ.
111. *Urdu*(3) : میں
کانچ کھا سکتا ہوں اور مجھے تکلیف نہیں ہوتی ۔
112. *Pashto*(3) : زه
شيشه خوړلې شم، هغه ما نه خو-وي
113. *Farsi / Persian*(3)
: .من می توانم
بدونِ احساس درد شيشه بخورم
114. *Arabic*(3) :
أنا قادر على أكل الزجاج و هذا لا يؤلمني.
*Aramaic*: (NEEDED)
115. *Maltese*: Nista' niekol il-AeAeieAe u ma jagAemilli xejn.
116. *Hebrew*(3) :
אני יכול לאכול -כוכית ו-ה לא מ-יק לי.
117. *Yiddish*(3) :
איך קען עסן גלאOe- און עס טוט מיר נישט װײ.
*Judeo-Arabic*: (NEEDED)
*Ladino*: (NEEDED)
*Gǝʼǝz*: (NEEDED)
*Amharic*: (NEEDED)
118. *Twi*: Metumi awe tumpan, ɜnyɜ me hwee.
119. *Hausa* (/Latin/): Inā iya taunar gilāshi kuma in gamā lāfiyā.
120. *Hausa* (/Ajami/) (2)
: إِنا إِىَ تَونَر
غِلَاشِ كُمَ إِن غَمَا لَافِىَا
121. *Yoruba*(4) : Mo
lè je̩ dígí, kò ní pa mí lára.
122. *Lingala*: Nakokí kolíya biténi bya milungi, ekosála ngáí mabé tɛ́.
123. *(Ki)Swahili*: Naweza kula bilauri na sikunyui.
124. *Malay*: Saya boleh makan kaca dan ia tidak mencederakan saya.
125. *Tagalog*: Kaya kong kumain nang bubog at hindi ako masaktan.
126. *Chamorro*: Siña yo' chumocho krestat, ti ha na'lalamen yo'.
127. *Fijian*: Au rawa ni kana iloilo, ia au sega ni vakacacani kina.
128. *Javanese*: Aku isa mangan beling tanpa lara.
129. *Burmese*: က္ယ္ဝန္တော္၊က္ယ္ဝန္မ မ္ယက္စားနုိင
သည္။ ၎က္ရောင့္ ထိခုိက္မ္ဟု မရ္ဟိပာ။ (9)
130. *Vietnamese (quốc ngữ)*: Tôi có thể Aen thủy tinh mà không hại gì.
131. *Vietnamese (nôm)* (4
): ae 𣎏 ae- 咹
水 晶 𦓡 空 𣎏 害 咦
132. *Khmer*: ខ្ញុំអាចញុំកញ្ចក់បាន ដោយគ្មានបញ្ហារ
133. *Lao*: ຂອ້ຍກິນແກ້ວໄດ້ໂດຍທີ່ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ຂອ
ຍເຈັບ.
134. *Thai*: ฉันกินกระจกได้ แต่มันไม่ทำให้ฉันเจ็บ
135. *Mongolian* /(Cyrillic):/ Би шил идэй чадна, надад хортой биш
136. *Mongolian* /(Classic)/ (5
): ᠪᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠶᠦ
ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ
*Dzongkha*: (NEEDED)
137. *Nepali*: म काँच -ान सक्छू र मलाई केहि नी हुन्न् ।
138. *Tibetan*: ཤེལ་སྒོ་ཟ་ནས་ང་ན་གི་མ་རེད།
139. *Chinese*: 我能吞ae玻璃而aeae身ae。
140. *Chinese* (Traditional): 我能吞ae玻璃而ae傷身體。
141. *Taiwanese*(6) :
Góa Ae-tàng chia̍h po-lê, mAe bAe tio̍h-siong.
142. *Japanese*: 私はガラスを食べられます。それは私を傷つけません。
143. *Korean*: 나는 유리를 먹을 수 있-요. 그래도 아프지 않아요
144. *Bislama*: Mi save kakae glas, hemi no save katem mi.
145. *Hawaiian*: Hiki iaʻu ke ʻai i ke aniani; ʻaʻole nō lAe au e ʻeha.
146. *Marquesan*: E koʻana e kai i te karahi, mea ʻAe, ʻaʻe hauhau.
147. *Inuktitut* (10): ᐊᓕᒍ- ᓂᕆᔭᕌ-ᒃᑯ ᓱᕋᙱᑦᑐᓐᓇ-ᑐ-
148. *Chinook Jargon:* Naika məkmək kakshət labutay, pi weyk ukuk
munk-sik nay.
149. *Navajo*: Tsésǫʼ yishAéAego bííníshghah dóó doo shił neezgai da.
*Cherokee* /(and Cree, Chickasaw, Cree, Micmac, Ojibwa, Lakota,
Náhuatl, Quechua, Aymara, and other American languages):/ (NEEDED)
*Garifuna*: (NEEDED)
*Gullah*: (NEEDED)
150. *Lojban*: mi kakne le nu citka le blaci .iku'i le se go'i na xrani mi
151. *Nórdicg*: Ljœr ye caudran créneþ ý jor cẃran.
/(Additions, corrections, completions,/ /gratefuly accepted/
/.)/
For testing purposes, some of these are repeated in a *monospace
font* . . .
1. Euro Symbol: €.
2. Greek: Μπορώ να φάω σπασμένα γυαλιά χωρίς να πάθω τίποτα.
3. Íslenska / Icelandic: Ég get etið gler án þess að meiða mig.
4. Polish: MogAe jeśAe szkło, i mi nie szkodzi.
5. Romanian: Pot sAe mAenânc sticlAe și ea nu mAe rAenește.
6. Ukrainian: Я можу їсти шкло, й воно мен- не пошкодить.
7. Armenian: ԿOeնամ ապակի ոOeտել Oe ինծի անհանգիստ չընեOeOe
8. Georgian: მინას ვჭამ და არა მტკივა.
9. Hindi: मैं काँच -ा सकता हूँ, मुझे उस से कोई पीडा नहीं
होती.
10. Hebrew(2) : אני
יכול לאכול -כוכית ו-ה לא מ-יק לי.
11. Yiddish(2) : איך
קען עסן גלאOe- און עס טוט מיר נישט װײ.
12. Arabic(2) : أنا
قادر على أكل الزجاج و هذا لا يؤلمني.
13. Japanese: 私はガラスを食べられます。それは私を傷つけません。
14. Thai: ฉันกินกระจกได้ แต่มันไม่ทำให้ฉันเจ็บ
*Notes:*
1. The "I can eat glass" phrase and initial translations (about 30 of
them) were borrowed from Ethan Mollick's I Can Eat Glass
page (which disappeared on
or about June 2004) and converted to UTF-8. Since Ethan's original
page is gone, I should mention that his purpose was to offer
travelers a phrase they could use in any country that would command
a certain kind of respect, or at least get attention. See Credits
for the many
additional contributions since then. When submitting new entries,
the word "hurt" (if you have a choice) is used in the sense of
"cause harm", "do damage", or "bother", rather than "inflict pain"
or "make sad". In this vein Otto Stolz comments (as do others
further down; personally I think it's better for the purpose of this
page to have extra entries and/or to show a greater repertoire of
characters than it is to enforce a strict interpretation of the word
"hurt"!):
This is the meaning I have translated to the Swabian dialect.
However, I just have noticed that most of the German variants
translate the "inflict pain" meaning. The German example should
read:
"Ich kann Glas essen ohne mir zu schaden."
rather than:
"Ich kann Glas essen, ohne mir weh zu tun."
(The comma fell victim to the 1996 orthographic reform, cf.
http://www.ids-mannheim.de/reform/e3-1.html#P76.
You may wish to contact the contributors of the following
translations to correct them:
* Lëtzebuergescht / Luxemburgish: Ech kan Glas iessen, daat
deet mir nët wei.
* Lausitzer Mundart ("Lusatian"): Ich koann Gloos assn und
doas dudd merr ni wii.
* Sächsisch / Saxon: 'sch kann Glos essn, ohne dass'sch mer
wehtue.
* Bayrisch / Bavarian: I koh Glos esa, und es duard ma ned wei.
* Allemannisch: I kaun Gloos essen, es tuat ma ned weh.
* Schwyzerdütsch: Ich chan Glaas ässe, das tuet mir nöd weeh.
In contrast, I deem the following translations *alright*:
* Ruhrdeutsch: Ich kann Glas verkasematuckeln, ohne dattet
mich wat jucken tut.
* Pfälzisch: Isch konn Glass fresse ohne dasses mer ebbes
ausmache dud.
* Schwäbisch / Swabian: I kå Glas frässa, ond des macht mr nix!
(However, you could remove the commas, on account of
http://www.ids-mannheim.de/reform/e3-1.html#P76 and
http://www.ids-mannheim.de/reform/e3-1.html#P72, respectively.)
I guess, also these examples translate the /wrong/ sense of
"hurt", though I do not know these languages well enough to
assert them definitely:
* Nederlands / Dutch: Ik kan glas eten; het doet mAe geen pAen.
/(This one has been changed)/
* Kirchröadsj/Bôchesserplat: Iech ken glaas èèse, mer 't deet
miech jing pieng.
In the Romanic languages, the variations on "fa male" (it) are
probably wrong, whilst the variations on "hace daño" (es) and
"damaAeas" (Esperanto) are probably correct; "nocet" (la) is
definitely right.
The northern Germanic variants of "skada" are probably right, as
are the Slavic variants of "škodi/шкоди" (se); however the
Slavic variants of " boli" (hv) are probably wrong, as "bolena"
means "pain/ache", IIRC.
That was from July 2004. In December 2007, Otto writes again:
Hello Frank, in days of yore, I had written:
> "Ich kann Glas essen ohne mir zu schaden."
> (The comma fell victim to the 1996 orthographic reform,
cf. http://www.ids-mannheim.de/reform/e3-1.html#P76.
The latest revision (2006) of the official German orthography
has revived the comma around infinitive clauses commencing with
/ohne/, or 5 other conjunctions, or depending from a noun or
from an announcing demonstrative
(http://www.ids-mannheim.de/reform/regeln2006.pdf, §75). So,
it's again: /Ich kann Glas essen, ohne mir zu schaden./
Best wishes,
Otto Stolz
2. The numbering of the samples is arbitrary, done only to keep track
of how many there are, and can change any time a new entry is added.
The arrangement is also arbitrary but with some attempt to group
related examples together. Note: All languages not listed are
wanted, not just the ones that say (NEEDED).
3. Correct right-to-left display of these languages depends on the
capabilities of your browser. The period should appear on the left.
In the monospace Yiddish example, the Yiddish digraphs should occupy
one character cell.
4. Yoruba: The third word is Latin letter small 'j' followed by small
'e' with U+0329, Combining Vertical Line Below. This displays
correctly only if your Unicode font includes the U+0329 glyph and
your browser supports combining diacritical marks. The Lingala and
Indic examples also include combining sequences.
5. Includes Unicode 3.1 (or later) characters beyond Plane 0.
6. The Classic Mongolian example should be vertical, top-to-bottom and
left-to-right. But such display is almost impossible. Also no font
yet exists which provides the proper ligatures and positional
variants for the characters of this script, which works somewhat
like Arabic.
7. Taiwanese is also known as Holo or Hoklo, and is related to Southern
Min dialects such as Amoy. Contributed by Henry H. Tan-Tenn, who
comments, "The above is the romanized version, in a script current
among Taiwanese Christians since the mid-19th century. It was
invented by British missionaries and saw use in hundreds of
published works, mostly of a religious nature. Most Taiwanese did
not know Chinese characters then, or at least not well enough to
read. More to the point, though, a written standard using Chinese
characters has never developed, so a significant minority of words
are represented with different candidate characters, depending on
one's personal preference or etymological theory. In this sentence,
for example, "-tàng", "chia̍h", "mAe" and "bAe" are problematic using
Chinese characters. "Góa" (I/me) and "po-lê" (glass) are as written
in other Sinitic languages (e.g. Mandarin, Hakka)."
8. Wagner Amaral of Pinese & Amaral Associados notes that the Brazilian
Portuguese sentence for "I can eat glass" should be identical to the
Portuguese one, as the word "machuca" means "inflict pain", or
rather "injuries". The words "faz mal" would more correctly
translate as "cause harm".
9. Burmese: In English the first person pronoun "I" stands for both
genders, male and female. In Burmese (except in the central part of
Burma) kyundaw (က္ယ္ဝန္တော္) for male and kyanma (က္ယ္ဝန္မ) for female.
Using here a fully-compliant Unicode Burmese font -- sadly one and
only one Padauk Graphite font exists -- rendering using graphite
engine. CLICK HERE to test Burmese
characters.
10. /From Louise Hope, 22 November 2010:/ I decided to have a go at an
Inuktitut rendering, mainly in hopes of shaming someone who actually
knows the language into coming up with something better. Meanwhile,
try this:
ᐊᓕᒍ- ᓂᕆᔭᕌ-ᒃᑯ ᓱᕋᙱᑦᑐᓐᓇ-ᑐ-
aliguq nirijaraangakku suranngittunnaqtunga
Loosely: I am able not to hurt myself whenever I eat glass.
aliguq >> glass (uninflected because it is the patient of a
transitive verb in an ergative language)
nirijaraangakku >> "I eat him/her/it" in Frequentative mood (all one
verb with inflectional ending, no affixes whatsoever)
suranngittunnaqtunga >> suraq (do permanent harm) + nngit
(verb-negator) + tunnaq (ability) + tunga (intransitive ending,
making the verb passive or reflexive)
See above about someone who knows the language, et cetera.
Script trivia: the syllable ᙱ is a single unicode character
representing the two elements ᓐ (syllable-final n) and - (syllable
ngi). I think they just did it that way because it looks tidier than
the expected ᓐ-. If your operating system didn't come with Euphemia
(all-purpose UCAS font),
you can download Pigiarniq
. It comes
with a jolly little inuksuk ᐀ that the Unicode Consortium is trying
to make into a squatter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Quick Brown Fox... Pangrams
The "I can eat glass" sentences do not necessarily show off the
orthography of each language to best advantage. In many alphabetic
written languages it is possible to include all (or most) letters (or
"special" characters) in a single (often nonsense) /pangram/. These were
traditionally used in typewriter instruction; now they are useful for
stress-testing computer fonts and keyboard input methods. Here are a few
examples (SEND MORE):
1. *English:* The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
2. *Jamaican:* Chruu, a kwik di kwik brong fox a jomp huova di liezi
daag de, yu no siit?
3. *Irish:* "An ḃfuil do Aeroí ag bualaḋ ó ḟaitíos an Aerá a ṁeall lena
ṗóg éada ó ṡlí do leasa ṫú?" "D'ḟuascail Íosa Úrṁac na hÓiAee
Beannaiṫe pór Éava agus Áḋaiṁ."
4. *Dutch:* Pa's wAeze lynx bezag vroom het fikse aquaduct.
5. *German: * Falsches Üben von Xylophonmusik quält jeden größeren
Zwerg. (1)
6. *German: * Im finſteren Jagdſchloß am offenen Felsquellwaſſer patzte
der affig-flatterhafte kauzig-höfliche Bäcker über ſeinem
verſifften kniffligen C-Xylophon. (2)
7. *Norwegian:* Blåbærsyltetøy ("blueberry jam", includes every extra
letter used in Norwegian).
8. *Danish:* Høj bly gom vandt fræk sexquiz på wc.
9. *Swedish:* Flygande bäckasiner söka strax hwila på mjuka tuvor.
10. *Icelandic:* Sævör grét áðan því úlpan var ónýt.
11. *Finnish:* (5) Törkylempijävongahdus (This is a perfect pangram,
every letter appears only once. Translating it is an art on its own,
but I'll say "rude lover's yelp". :-D)
12. *Finnish:* (5) Albert osti fagotin ja töräytti puhkuvan melodian.
(Albert bought a bassoon and hooted an impressive melody.)
13. *Finnish:* (5) On sangen hauskaa, että polkupyörä on maanteiden
jokapäiväinen ilmiö. (It's pleasantly amusing, that the bicycle is
an everyday sight on the roads.)
14. *Polish:* PchnAeAe w tAe łódź jeża lub osiem skrzyń fig.
15. *Czech:* Příliš žluťouAeký kůň úpAel Aeábelské kódy.
16. *Slovak:* Starý kôň na hŕbe kníh žuje tíško povädnuté ruže, na stAepe
sa AeateAe uAeí kvákať novú ódu o živote.
17. *Greek* (monotonic): ξεσκεπάζω την ψυχοφθόρα βδελυγμία
18. *Greek* (polytonic): ξεσκεπάζω τὴν ψυχοφθόρα βδελυγμία
19. *Russian:* Съешь же ещё этих мягких французских булок да выпей чаю.
20. *Russian:* В чащах юга жил-был цитрус? Да, но фальшивый экземпляр! ёъ.
21. *Bulgarian:* -ълтата дюля беше щастлива, че пухът, който цъфна,
замръзна като гьон.
22. *Sami (Northern):* Vuol Ruoŧa geAeggiid leat máŋga luosa ja Aeuovžža.
23. *Hungarian:* Árvíztűrő tükörfúrógép.
24. *Spanish:* El pingüino Wenceslao hizo kilómetros bajo exhaustiva
lluvia y frío, añoraba a su querido cachorro.
25. *Portuguese:* O próximo vôo à noite sobre o Atlântico, põe
freqüentemente o único médico. (3)
26. *French:* Les naïfs ægithales hâtifs pondant à Noël où il gèle sont
sûrs d'être déçus en voyant leurs drôles d'œufs abîmés.
27. *Esperanto:* EAeoŝanAeo AeiuAeaŭde.
28. *Hebrew:* -ה כיף סתם לשמוע איך תנצח קרפד עץ טוב בגן.
29. *Japanese* (Hiragana):
いろはにほへど ちりぬるを
わがよたれぞ つねならむ
うゐのおくやま けふこえて
あさきゆめみじ ゑひもせず (4)
*Notes:*
1. Other phrases commonly used in Germany include: "Ein wackerer Bayer
vertilgt ja bequem zwo Pfund Kalbshaxe" and, more recently, "Franz
jagt im komplett verwahrlosten Taxi quer durch Bayern", but both
lack umlauts and esszet. Previously, going for the shortest sentence
that has all the umlauts and special characters, I had "Grüße aus
Bärenhöfe (und Óechtringen)!" Acute accents are not used in native
German words, so I was surprised to discover "Óechtringen" in the
Deutsche Bundespost Postleitzahlenbuch:
Click for full-size image (2.8MB)
It's a small village in eastern Lower Saxony. The "oe" in this case
turns out to be the Lower Saxon "lengthening e" (Dehnungs-e), which
makes the previous vowel long (used in a number of Lower Saxon place
names such as Soest and Itzehoe), not the "e" that indicates umlaut
of the preceding vowel. Many thanks to the
Óechtringen-Namenschreibungsuntersuchungskomitee (Alex Bochannek,
Manfred Erren, Asmus Freytag, Christoph Päper, plus Werner Lemberg
who serves as
Óechtringen-Namenschreibungsuntersuchungskomiteerechtschreibungsprüfer)
for their relentless pursuit of the facts in this case. Conclusion:
the accent almost certainly does not belong on this (or any other
native German) word, but neither can it be dismissed as dirt on the
page. To add to the mystery, it has been reported that other copies
of the same edition of the PLZB do not show the accent! UPDATE
(March 2006): David Krings was intrigued enough by this report to
contact the mayor of Ebstorf, of which Oechtringen is a borough, who
responded:
Sehr geehrter Mr. Krings,
wenn Oechtringen irgendwo mit einem Akzent auf dem O geschrieben
wurde, dann kann das nur ein Fehldruck sein. Die offizielle
Schreibweise lautet jedenfalls „Oechtringen“.
Mit freundlichen Grüssen
Der Samtgemeindebürgermeister
i.A. Lothar Jessel
2. From Karl Pentzlin (Kochel am See, Bavaria, Germany): "This German
phrase is suited for display by a Fraktur (broken letter) font. It
contains: all common three-letter ligatures: ffi ffl fft and all
two-letter ligatures required by the Duden for Fraktur typesetting:
ch ck ff fi fl ft ll ſch ſi ſſ ſt tz (all in a manner such they are
not part of a three-letter ligature), one example of f-l where
German typesetting rules prohibit ligating (marked by a ZWNJ), and
all German letters a...z, ä,ö,ü,ß, ſ [long s] (all in a manner such
that they are not part of a two-letter Fraktur ligature)." Otto
Stolz notes that "'Schloß' is now spelled 'Schloss', in contrast to
'größer' (example 4) which has kept its 'ß'. Fraktur has been banned
from general use, in 1942, and long-s (ſ) has ceased to be used with
Antiqua (Roman) even earlier (the latest Antiqua-ſ I have seen is
from 1913, but then I am no expert, so there may well be a later
instance." Later Otto confirms the latter theory, "Now I've run
across a book “Deutsche Rechtschreibung” (edited by Lutz Mackensen)
from 1954 (my reprint is from 1956) that has kept the Antiqua-ſ in
its dictionary part (but neither in the preface nor in the appendix)."
3. Diaeresis is not used in Iberian Portuguese.
4. From Yurio Miyazawa: "This poetry contains all the sounds in the
Japanese language and used to be the first thing for children to
learn in their Japanese class. The Hiragana version is particularly
neat because it covers every character in the phonetic Hiragana
character set." Yurio also sent the Kanji version:
色は匂へど 散りぬるを
我がae-誰ぞ 常ならむ
有為の奥山 ae日越えて
浅き夢見じ 酔ひもせず
5. Finnish pangrams from Mikko Ristilä.
*Accented Cyrillic:*
/(This section contributed by Vladimir Marinov.)/
In Bulgarian it is desirable, customary, or in some cases required to
write accents over vowels. Unfortunately, no computer character sets
contain the full repertoire of accented Cyrillic letters. With Unicode,
however, it is possible to combine any Cyrillic letter with any
combining accent. The appearance of the result depends on the font and
the rendering engine. Here are two examples.
1. Той видя бялата коса́ по главата и́ и ко́са на рамото и́, и ре́че да
́
рече́: "Пара́та по́ па́ри от па́рата, не ща пари́!", но си поми́сли: "Х
й,
помисли́ си! А́ и́ река, а́ е скочила в тази река, която щеше да тече́
, а
не те́че."
2. По пъ́тя пъту́ват кю́рди и югославя́ни.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
HTML Features
Here is the Russian alphabet (uppercase only) coded in three different
ways, which should look identical:
1. АБВГДЕ-ЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ /(Literal UTF-8)/
2. АБВГДЕ-ЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ /(Decimal numeric character
reference)/
3. АБВГДЕ-ЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ /(Hexadecimal numeric character
reference)/
In another test, we use HTML language tags to distinguish Bulgarian,
Russian, and Serbian
, which have
different italic forms for lowercase б, г, д, п, and/or т:
*Bulgarian*: [ бгдпт ] [ /бгдпт/ ] /Мога да ям стъкло и не
ме боли./
*Russian*: [ бгдпт ] [ /бгдпт/ ] /Я могу есть стекло, это мне
не вредит./
*Serbian*: [ бгдпт ] [ /бгдпт/ ] /Могу јести стакло а да ми
не шкоди./
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Credits, Tools, and Commentary
*Credits:*
The "I can eat glass" phrase and the initial collection of
translations: Ethan Mollick
. Transcription / conversion
to UTF-8: Frank da Cruz. *Albanian:* Sindi Keesan. *Afrikaans:*
Johan Fourie, Kevin Poalses. *Anglo Saxon:* Frank da Cruz. *Arabic:*
Najib Tounsi. *Armenian:* Vaçe KundakçAe. *Belarusian:* Alexey
Chernyak, Patricia Clausnitzer. *Bengali:* Somnath Purkayastha,
Deepayan Sarkar. *Bislama:* Dan McGarry. *Braille:* Frank da Cruz.
*Bulgarian:* Sindi Keesan, Guentcho Skordev, Vladimir Marinov.
*Burmese:* "cetanapa". *Cabo Verde Creole:* Cláudio Alexandre
Duarte. *Catalán:* Jordi Bancells. *Chinese:* Jack Soo, Wong Pui
Lam. *Chinook Jargon:* David Robertson. *Cornish:* Chris Stephens.
*Croatian:* Marjan BaAee. *Czech:* Stanislav Pecha, Radovan Garabík.
*Danish:* Morten Due Jorgensen. *Dutch:* Peter Gotink. Pim Blokland,
Rob Daniel, Rob de Wit. *Erzian:* Jack Rueter. *Esperanto:* Franko
Luin, Radovan Garabík. *Estonian:* Meelis Roos. *Faroese:* Jón
Gaasedal. *Farsi/Persian:* Payam Elahi. *Fijian:* Paul Cannon.
*Finnish:* Sampsa Toivanen, Mikko Ristilä. *French:* Luc Carissimo,
Anne Colin du Terrail, Sean M. Burke, Theo Morelli. *Galician:*
Laura Probaos. *Georgian:* Giorgi Lebanidze. *German:* Christoph
Päper, Otto Stolz, Karl Pentzlin, David Krings, Frank da Cruz, Peter
Keel (Seegras), Elias Glantschnig. *Gothic:* Aurélien Coudurier.
*Greek:* Ariel Glenn, Constantine Stathopoulos, Siva Nataraja,
Christos Georgiou. *Hebrew:* Jonathan Rosenne, Tal Barnea. *Hausa:*
Malami Buba, Tom Gewecke. *Hawaiian:* na Hauʻoli Motta, Anela
de Rego, Kaliko Trapp. *Hindi:* Shirish Kalele, Nitin Dahra.
*Hungarian:* András Rácz, Mark Holczhammer. *Icelandic:* Andrés
Magnússon, Sveinn Baldursson. *International Phonetic Alphabet
(IPA):* Siva Nataraja / Vincent Ramos. *Inuktitut*: Louise Hope.
*Irish:* Michael Everson, Marion Gunn, James Kass, Curtis Clark.
*Italian:* Thomas De Bellis. *Jamaican:* Stephen J. Cherin.
*Japanese:* Makoto Takahashi, Yurio Miyazawa. *Kannada:*
Sridhar R N, Alok G. Singh. *Karelian:* Aleksandr Semakov. *Khmer:*
Tola Sann. *Kirchröadsj:* Roger Stoffers. *Kreyòl:* Sean M. Burke.
*Korean:* Jungshik Shin. *Langenfelder Platt:* David Krings. *Lao:*
Tola Sann. *Lëtzebuergescht:* Stefaan Eeckels. *Lingala:* Denis
Moyogo Jacquerye (Nkóta ya Kɔ́ngɔ
míbalé ) (Nkóta ya Kɔ́ngɔ míbal).
*Lithuanian:* Gediminas Grigas. *Lojban:* Edward Cherlin.
*Lusatian:* Ronald Schaffhirt. *Macedonian:* Sindi Keesan. *Malay:*
Zarina Mustapha. *Maltese:* Kenneth Joseph Vella. *Manx:* Éanna Ó
Brádaigh. *Marathi:* Shirish Kalele. *Marquesan:* Kaliko Trapp.
*Middle English:* Frank da Cruz. *Milanese:* Marco Cimarosti.
*Mongolian:* Tom Gewecke. *Napoletano:* Diego Quintano. *Navajo:*
Tom Gewecke. *Nórdicg*
: Yẃlyan Rott.
*Nepali:* Ujjwol Lamichhane, Rabi Tripathi. *Norwegian:* Herman
Ranes, Håvard Kvålen. *Odenwälderisch:* Alexander Heß. *Old Irish:*
Michael Everson. *Old Norse:* Andrés Magnússon. *Papiamentu:* Bianca
and Denise Zanardi. *Pashto:* N.R. Liwal. *Pfälzisch:* Dr. Johannes
Sander. *Picard:* Philippe Mennecier. *Polish:* Juliusz Chroboczek,
Paweł Przeradowski, Wlodzislaw Kostecki. *Portuguese:* "Cláudio"
Alexandre Duarte, Bianca and Denise Zanardi, Pedro Palhoto Matos,
Wagner Amaral. *Québécois:* Laurent Detillieux. *Roman:* Pierpaolo
Bernardi. *Romanian:* Juliusz Chroboczek, Ionel Mugurel. *Romansch:*
Alexandre Suter. *Ruhrdeutsch:* "Timwi". *Russian:* Alexey Chernyak,
Serge Nesterovitch. *Sami:* Anne Colin du Terrail, Luc Carissimo.
*Sanskrit:* Siva Nataraja / Vincent Ramos. *Sächsisch:* André
Müller. *Schwäbisch:* Otto Stolz. *Scots:* Jonathan Riddell.
*Serbian:* Sindi Keesan, Ranko Narancic, Boris Daljevic, Szilvia
Csorba, O. Dag. *Sinhalese:* Abdul-Ahad (ASM). *Slovak:* G. Adam
Stanislav, Radovan Garabík. *Slovenian:* Albert Kolar. *Spanish:*
Aleida Morel , Laura Probaos. *Swahili:*
Ronald Schaffhirt. *Swedish:* Christian Rose, Bengt Larsson.
*Taiwanese:* Henry H. Tan-Tenn. *Tagalog:* Jim Soliven. *Tamil:*
Vasee Vaseeharan, Vetrivel P. *Telugu:* Arjuna Rao Chavala.
*Tibetan:* D. Germano, Tom Gewecke. *Thai:* Alan Wood's wife.
*Turkish:* Vaçe KundakçAe, Tom Gewecke, Merlign Olnon. *Ukrainian:*
Michael Zajac, Oleg Podsadny. *Ulster Gaelic:* Ciarán Ó Duibhín.
*Urdu:* Mustafa Ali. *Vietnamese* : Dixon
Au, [James] Aeỗ Bá Phước 杜 ae 福. *Walloon:* Pablo Saratxaga.
*Welsh:* Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru (Andrew). *Yiddish:* Mark David.
*Zeneise:* Angelo Pavese.
*Tools Used to Create This Web Page:*
The UTF8-aware Kermit 95
terminal emulator on Windows, to a Unix host with the EMACS
text editor. Kermit 95
displays UTF-8 and also allows keyboard entry of arbitrary Unicode
BMP characters as 4 hex digits, as shown HERE
. Hex codes for Unicode
values can be found in The Unicode Standard
(recommended) and
the online code charts . When
submissions arrive by email encoded in some other character set
(Latin-1, Latin-2, KOI, various PC code pages, JEUC, etc), I use the
TRANSLATE command of C-Kermit
on the Unix host (where I
read my mail ) to convert the
character set to UTF-8 (I could also use Kermit 95 for this; it has
the same TRANSLATE command). That's it -- no "Web authoring" tools,
no locales, no "smart" anything. It's just plain text, nothing more.
By the way, there's nothing special about EMACS -- any text editor
will do, providing it allows entry of arbitrary 8-bit bytes as text,
including the 0x80-0x9F "C1" range. EMACS 21.1 actually supports
UTF-8; earlier versions don't know about it and display the octal
codes; either way is OK for this purpose.
*Commentary:*
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2002 13:21:59 +0100
From: "Bruno DEDOMINICIS"
Subject: Je peux manger du verre, cela ne me fait pas mal.
I just found out your website and it makes me feel like proposing an
interpretation of the choice of this peculiar phrase.
Glass is transparent and can hurt as everyone knows. The relation
between people and civilisations is sometimes effusional and more
often rude. The concept of breaking frontiers through globalization,
in a way, is also an attempt to deny any difference. Isn't
"transparency" the flag of modernity? Nothing should be hidden any
more, authority is obsolete, and the new powers are supposed to
reign through loving and smiling and no more through coercion...
Eating glass without pain sounds like a very nice metaphor of this
attempt. That is, frontiers should become glass transparent first,
and be denied by incorporating them. On the reverse, it shows that
through globalization, frontiers undergo a process of displacement,
that is, when they are not any more speakable, they become repressed
from the speech and are therefore incorporated and might become
painful symptoms, as for example what happens when one tries to eat
glass.
The frontiers that used to separate bodies one from another tend to
divide bodies from within and make them suffer.... The chosen phrase
then appears as a denial of the symptom that might result from the
destitution of traditional frontiers.
Best,
Bruno De Dominicis, Paris, France
*Other Unicode pages onsite:*
* Frank's Compulsive Guide to Postal Addresses
(especially the Index
)
* Peace in All Languages
* Kermit 95 кл-ента SSH
(Kermit 95 SSH Client documentation in Belarusian)
* Representing Middle English on the Web with UTF-8
* The Kermit Bibliography (in
UTF-8)
* Interchange of Non-English Computer Text
(UTF-8 math and box-drawing)
* Unicode Table (in UTF-8)
*Unicode samplers and resources offsite:*
* Unicode Code Converter
(converts among
different Unicode encoding forms and notations).
* Confusables
(every silver lining has a cloud).
* Seigniorage (Central Banks worldwide).
* Michael Everson's Bibliography of Typography and Scripts
* Does your browser support Unicode English?
(James Kass)
* I don't know, I only work here
* Anyone can be provincial!
* Example Unicode Usage for Business Applications
* UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ for Unix/Linux
*Unicode fonts:*
* Code 2000 (James Kass)
* Unicode Fonts for Windows Computers
(Alan Wood)
* Unicode Fonts and Tools for X11
(Markus Kuhn)
* Everson Mono (Michael Everson)
* Agfa Monotype (now fonts.com)
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